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Post-partum pituitary insufficiency and livedo reticularis presenting a diagnostic challenge in a resource limited setting in Tanzania: a case report, clinical discussion and brief review of existing literature
Faheem G Sheriff, William P Howlett, Kajiru G Kilonzo
BMC Endocrine Disorders , 2012, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-12-4
Abstract: A 37？year old African female presented ten years post partum with features of multiple endocrine deficiencies including hypothyroidism, hypoadrenalism, lactation failure and secondary amenorrhea. In addition she had clinical features of an underlying autoimmune condition. These included a history of post-partum thyroiditis, alopecia areata, livedo reticularis and deranged coagulation indices. A remarkable clinical response followed appropriate hormone replacement therapy including steroids. This constellation has never been reported before; we therefore present an interesting clinical discussion including a brief review of existing literature.Post partum pituitary insufficiency is an under-reported condition of immense clinical importance especially in the developing world. A high clinical index of suspicion is vital to ensure an early and correct diagnosis which will have a direct bearing on management and patient outcome.The pituitary gland undergoes major anatomic, physiologic and immunologic changes during pregnancy. Its enlargement is chiefly attributed to lactotroph hyperplasia [1]. These changes then predispose the pregnant woman to a spectrum of pituitary disorders in the intra-partum and post-partum periods. These include Sheehan’s syndrome which is by far the commonest, lymphocytic hypophysitis and rarely, apoplexy of pituitary adenomas [1,2].Sheehan’s syndrome (SS) is becoming increasingly rare in the developed world due to improved standards of obstetric care; the same is not yet true for the developing world. The prevalence of women of reproductive age with suspected SS in the Kashmir valley (Indian subcontinent) was estimated at 3.2% [3]. Similar cross-sectional studies are virtually non-existent for Africa but a couple of case series have appeared in the literature. Cénac et al reported 40 cases of SS within a 5-year period at a hospital in Niger. All their patients were black African women living in rural areas and had no medical assistance during th
Latent tuberculosis among pregnant mothers in a resource poor setting in Northern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
Faheem G Sheriff, Karim P Manji, Mohamed P Manji, Mohamedsuhel M Chagani, Rose M Mpembeni, Ahmed M Jusabani, Zaheerabbas R Alwani, Taha S Karimjee
BMC Infectious Diseases , 2010, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-52
Abstract: Northern Tanzania was chosen as the study site. In a cross-sectional study, a total of 286 pregnant women from 12 weeks gestational age to term were assessed. Screening was undertaken using an algorithm involving tuberculin skin testing, symptom screening in the form of a questionnaire, sputum testing for acid fast bacilli followed by shielded chest X-rays if indicated. HIV serology was also performed on consenting participants.Prevalence of latent infection ranged between 26.2% and 37.4% while HIV sero prevalence was 4.5%. After multivariate logistic analysis it was found that age, parity, body mass index, gestational age, and HIV sero status did not have any significant association with tuberculin skin test results. However certain ethnic groups were found to be less vulnerable to LTBI as compared to others (Chi square = 10.55, p = 0.03). All sputum smears for acid fast bacilli were negative.The prevalence of latent tuberculosis in pregnant women was found to be relatively high compared to that of the general population. In endemic areas, socio-demographic parameters alone are rarely adequate in identifying women susceptible to TB infection; therefore targeted screening should be conducted for all pregnant women at high risk for activation (especially HIV positive women). As opposed to the current policy of passive case detection, there appears to be an imminent need to move towards active screening. Ethnicity may provide important clues into genetic and cultural differences which predispose to latent tuberculosis, and is worth exploring further.It is estimated that TB infection is present in one-third of the world's population, or 2 billion people. Eight million new cases of active disease have been estimated to occur worldwide annually[1]. The prevalence of LTBI in Sub-Saharan Africa is 31%[2], while that of HIV is 5%-35% of the adult population; one-third to one-half of HIV-infected individuals are co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis[1].The incidence of
Evaluating Management Support to the Internal Audit System in Bo District Council, Sierra Leone  [PDF]
Sualiho Sheriff
Open Journal of Business and Management (OJBM) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/ojbm.2021.94087
Abstract: One of the daunting challenges facing the effective operations of Local Councils in Sierra Leone, particularly the Bo District Council is the quality of support services that drive accountability in the use of scarce financial resources. It is on this note that the study is intended to assess management supports towards the internal audit system. The study was conducted in Bo District Council located in the Southern Region of Sierra Leone. Bo District Council consists of 16 Chiefdoms, 25 Councilors, 3 Paramount Chiefs, 25 Wards, 16 Committees, 11 Constituencies, and 13 Core Staff Members. The secondary objectives were: 1) to assess the level of respondents’ perceptions on management support to the internal audit system; 2) to identify the scale of management support to the internal audit effectiveness, and 3) to establish the relationship between management support and internal audit effectiveness. The instruments employed for data collection include: questionnaires and documentary analysis. The sample population of the study is thirteen (13) core staff members that represents the sample size of the study, and includes all the departments and units of the Bo District Council. The 13 core staff members were selected by stratified sampling selection technique. The study employed descriptive design and results discussed in qualitative and quantitative methods. The reliability test was conducted 0.765 using the Crumb Alpha Test and was considered valid. The key findings of the study include: Lack of full support to the audit committee; lack of independence of the internal audit system; insufficient allocation of budget. It is recommended that the Local Service Commission should let the internal audit system being independent by creating a directorate of the internal audit department.
Assessment of Shallow Ground Water Quality of Pindiga Gombe Area, Yola Area, NE, Nigeria for Irrigation and Domestic Purposes
G.I. Obiefuna,A. Sheriff
Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences , 2011,
Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess the shallow groundwater quality of Pindiga Gombe area for irrigation and domestic purposes. Fifteen water samples collected from wells tapping shallow aquifer was used. The water samples were analyzed for major cations: Na+, Ca2+, K+ and anions: C-, HCO3-1, SO4 2- and NO3-. The important constituents that influence the water quality for irrigation such as Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Permeability Index (PI), Kellys Ratio (KR), and Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC) were assessed and compared with standard limits. The values of total dissolved solids (<166 mg/L), electrical conductivity (<0.249 ds/m), soluble sodium percentage (2.60 to 38.40%), permeability index (0.19 to 7.40%), magnesium adsorption ratio (37.34 to 66.50%), kellys ratio (0.0004 to 0.029 meq/L), residual sodium bicarbonate (0.35 to 3.02 meq/L) and sodium adsorption ratio (0 to 0.035) were found to be within the safe limits and thus largely suitable for irrigation purposes. The groundwater will thus neither cause salinity hazards nor have an adverse effect on the soil properties of the study area. Furthermore, the water samples also fall within the recommended limits and are found suitable for domestic purposes.
The Economic Calculus of War, Defense and Military Alliances: The Case of Israeli-Iranian Cold-Military Confrontation
Sheriff G. Ibrahim,Sadeeque A. Abba,Musa M. Adams
The Social Sciences , 2013, DOI: 10.3923/sscience.2011.485.494
Abstract: The vulnerability and feebleness of the political and economic circles of nation-states empirically tally with the analogy of the school of realism in international politics. This study, however delves into the economics of war, defense and military alliances within the framework of global politics and economy. The study analyses the expenditure and finances of defense and military industrial complex among international political blocs, allies and regional or continental cooperative interdependent movements. The results of finding show that Iran and Israel are in one of the most dangerous cold military confrontation in contemporary international politics. The study concludes that due to the nature of Israeli American alliance, it is unequivocally difficult for Iran to win in a period of active war or conflict. The study recommends balance of power, disarmament and two state solutions to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict among other things.
Use of a blog as a tracking tool for student-supervisor interaction in a Biomedical Informatics course: Future portfolios
M. R. Sheriff,J. U. Weerasinghe,G. Ponnamperuma
Sri Lanka Journal of Bio-Medical Informatics , 2013, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljbmi.v3i3.3779
Abstract: A blog can be considered as a diary of online thoughts. Derived from the term web log, blog is a method of posting entries to a specific URL. Initially used for text entry, blogs have now evolved into interactive and multimedia rich posts of information which can be maintained using various devices.While the existing methods of communication between the student and the supervisor such as official letters, telephone conversations, face to face meetings, and online meetings are being practiced there are problems of using these multiple methods over a longer period of time because of the difficulties in maintaining a chronological order, cataloguing minutes of meetings and excess paperwork. It may question the supervisory role of consultants and address the affective domain of learning. Blogs seem to give significant advantages in organising activities of a research project as well as aid in reflective learning. A survey of scientific literature shows active use of blogs in both medical teaching and training and as an aid to reflective learning.A blog was maintained for 40 weeks between September 2010 and July 2011 by a student of the MSc in Biomedical Informatics course which was overseen by two supervisors. In the course of maintaining a blog, its use as a tracking tool and reflective learning medium was evident.It can then be concluded that a blog can be seen as a useful aide in tracking student progress in a Biomedical Informatics course and has potential to be used in other medical disciplines as an adjunct to portfolio.
Structural and Thermal Properties of Tb, Ce Doped Y2.97Gd0.03Al2Ga3O12 Single Crystals  [PDF]
Mohammad Faheem, Kelvin Lynn
American Journal of Analytical Chemistry (AJAC) , 2014, DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2014.511078
Abstract: The structural and thermal properties of yttrium-aluminum-gadolinium-gallium (Y2.97Gd0.03Al2Ga3O12) single crystals doped with terbium (0.1%), cerium (0.01%) and co-doped with both terbium and cerium ((0.1, 0.01)%) were investigated. All samples were heated (calcined) at 1400°C for 15 hours before crystallization. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of all calcined samples showed the presence of yttrium gallium aluminate (Y3Al2Ga3O12) and gadolinium gallium oxide (Gd3GaO6) while the grown crystals were single phase of Y3Al2Ga3O12. The lattice parameter of the crystals decreased with Ce doping. The thermal conductivity of each sample was determined from 25°C to 300°C and found to decrease exponentially with increasing temperature. All doped crystals have different thermal conductivity, which is attributed to the crucial influence of crystals structures. 0.01% Ce:YAGG was found to be a strong candidate for scintillators and other lasing materials because of its good thermal behavior (10.71 W/m·K).
Using the iSDG Model as a Policy-Making Guiding Tool to Achieve SDG 4 in Developing Countries: A Case Study on Pakistan  [PDF]
Faheem Khushik, Arnaud Diemer
Modern Economy (ME) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/me.2021.121012
Abstract: Over the decades, educational systems around the globe evolved from simple to complex, with increase in its scope, spread, access and dynamic nature. This complex phenomenon needs simplified methods and models to explain/understand the systemic nature of cause and effect. This article pertains to exploring the dynamic educational context of Pakistan with focus on operationalizing SDG 4 and preparing children for a challenging future. System Thinking and System Analysis are used to map the main driving forces of the education system in Pakistan. Tools such as CLDs (Causal Loop Diagrams) illustrate the qualitative structure of the model. Variables such as educational access (number of enrolment at national level in primary to secondary level of education), inclusiveness budget (investment in education sector), GDP (ratio of GDP utilized on education), and equity (rate of gender per class), are analysed through loops to achieve SDG 4 targets. Both historically and currently, achieving Pakistan’s educational objectives has been challenging. It requires a holistic approach for achieving objectives for example access to primary education.
Message from the Director, Postgraduate Institute of Medicine (PGIM), University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Rezvi Sheriff
Sri Lanka Journal of Bio-Medical Informatics , 2010, DOI: doi: 10.4038/sljbmi.v1i1.1478
Abstract: Sri Lanka Journal of Bio-Medical Informatics 2009;1(1): 2
La production d'enfants et la notion de " bien de l'enfant "
Sheriff, Teresa
- , 2000, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/015651ar
Abstract: RéSUMéLa production d'enfants et la notion de ？ bien de l'enfant ？La fonction socialisatrice de l'état s'actualise par un ensemble de lois et d'interventions des spécialistes appartenant à différents organismes. C'est ainsi que la Direction de la protection de la jeunesse (DPJ) participe, non pas uniquement à protéger les jeunes à risque, mais également à la production d'enfants québécois. Cependant, l'actualisation des mesures de protection d'enfants maltraités, abandonnés ou négligés ne se fait pas sans heurts. Quelques exemples de pratiques des intervenants serviront à illustrer le fossé entre les spécialistes et les parents immigrants quand quelqu'un a signalé une situation de danger pour leur enfant. Ces cas permettront de discuter du problème, plus général, de l'éthique appliquée en matière de traitement de la différence et, particulièrement, des difficultés éthiques qui se posent lorsqu'il faut décider de ce qu'il faut faire pour protéger un enfant.Mots clés : Sheriff, éthique, protection, enfance, immigrant
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